How old is the Papandayan volcano?
How old is the Papandayan volcano?
After its first historical eruption in 1772, in which collapse of the NE flank produced a catastrophic debris avalanche that destroyed 40 villages and killed nearly 3000 persons, only small phreatic eruptions had occurred prior to an explosive eruption that began in November 2002.
How was Mount Papandayan formed?
Mount Papandayan is a large composite volcano. It is constructed of alternating layers of lava and ash, and other fragmental volcanic rock debris formed by explosive eruptions over the past several hundred years.
What type of volcano is Mount Papandayan?
stratovolcano
Papandayan is a complex stratovolcano which is found in a row of volcanoes. It has very distinctive yellow crater walls due to coloring by sulfur.
Is papandayan active?
This volcano is situated on the Indonesian island of the West Java, The Papandayan Volcano is a crater-filled semi-active volcano which is a stratovolcano referred as composite-cone volcano, this also contained fumarole fields that still have an active activity.
What is the characterization of composite volcanoes?
Composite volcanoes consist of alternating layers of ash and lava flows. Known also as strato volcanoes, their shape is a symmetric cone with steep sides that rise as high as 8,000 feet. They form along Earth’s subduction zones where one tectonic plate pushes beneath another.
What are the 3 main types of volcanoes and their characteristics?
There are three types of volcanoes: cinder cones (also called spatter cones), composite volcanoes (also called stratovolcanoes), and shield volcanoes. Figure 11.22 illustrates the size and shape differences amongst these volcanoes. Shield volcanoes, which get their name from their broad rounded shape, are the largest.
What is the characterization of composite volcano or stratovolcano?
Some of the Earth’s grandest mountains are composite volcanoes–sometimes called stratovolcanoes. They are typically steep-sided, symmetrical cones of large dimension built of alternating layers of lava flows, volcanic ash, cinders, blocks, and bombs and may rise as much as 8,000 feet above their bases.
What is characteristics of composite?
However, as a class of materials, composites tend to have the following characteristics: high strength; high modulus; low density; excellent resistance to fatigue, creep, creep rupture, corrosion, and wear; and low coefficient of ther- mal expansion (CTE).
When was the first eruption of the Papandayan volcano?
After its first historical eruption in 1772, in which collapse of the NE flank produced a catastrophic debris avalanche that destroyed 40 villages and killed nearly 3000 persons, only small phreatic eruptions had occurred prior to an explosive eruption that began in November 2002. First visit to our site?
How big is the crater on Mount Papandayan?
The eruption truncated the volcano into a broad shape with two peaks and a flat area 1.1 km wide with Alun-Alun crater in the middle, making the mountain appear as a twin volcano; one of the peaks is called Papandayan and the other Mount Puntang.
Where is Mount Papandayan located in West Java?
Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Mount Papandayan is a complex stratovolcano, located in Garut Regency, to the southeast of the city of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia. It is about 15 km to the southwest of the town of Garut.
How many people are likely to be affected by Mount Papandayan?
Of the people likely to be affected, it was expected that perhaps as many as 11,500 people might need to be evacuated. Mount Papandayan is a large composite volcano.