What is a Dyshormonogenetic goiter?

What is a Dyshormonogenetic goiter?

Dyshormonogenetic goiters (DG) are genetically determined thyroid hyperplasias due to enzyme defects in thyroid-hormone synthesis.

What is Uninodular goiter?

A goiter simply means an enlarged thyroid. A goiter can either be a simple goiter where the whole thyroid is bigger than normal or a multinodular goiter where there are multiple nodules. Multinodular goiters can be either a toxic multinodular goiter (i.e. makes too much thyroid hormone and causes hyperthyroidism.

What is endemic goiter?

Endemic goiter is an adaptive disease produced by the persistent stimulation of the thyroid gland as consequence of the thyrotropin increased secretion due to the iodine deficiency.

Why do multinodular goiter grow?

If the thyroid gland is not making enough thyroid hormone, the pituitary gland in the brain will release more of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). The excess TSH can cause the thyroid to enlarge and create a multinodular goiter.

What are the symptoms of endemic goitre?

The main symptoms of goiter include:

• A swelling in the front of the neck, just below the Adam’s apple.
• A feeling of tightness in the throat area.
• Hoarseness (scratchy voice)
• Neck vein swelling.
• Dizziness when the arms are raised above the head.

What are the signs and symptoms of cretinism?

Signs of cretinism or congenital hypothyroidism in a newborn include:

• lack of weight gain.
• stunted growth.
• fatigue, lethargy.
• poor feeding.
• thickened facial features.
• abnormal bone growth.
• mental retardation.
• very little crying.

Can a person with goiter have hyperthyroidism?

Some people who have a goiter may also have hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism can include: Some people with goiter may also have hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid. Symptoms of hypothyroidism can include:

What do you need to know about goiters at Mayo Clinic?

Goiters that result from other conditions, such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, may be associated with a number of symptoms, ranging from fatigue and weight gain to unintended weight loss, irritability and trouble sleeping. By Mayo Clinic Staff Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic

How is radioactive iodine used to treat goiter?

In some cases, radioactive iodine is used to treat an overactive thyroid gland. The radioactive iodine is taken orally and reaches your thyroid gland through your bloodstream, destroying thyroid cells. The treatment results in a diminished size of the goiter, but eventually may also cause an underactive thyroid gland.

Where is the thyroid gland located in goiter?

Goiter is a condition in which the thyroid gland grows larger. The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck, below the Adam’s apple. The thyroid gland produces the hormones thyroxine (also called T4) and triiodothyronine (also called T3).