How are DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase similar and different?
How are DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase similar and different?
Though the function of both polymerases is to synthesize nucleic acid, both are functionally different. The DNA polymerase has polymerization as well as proofreading activity while the RNA polymerase only has the polymerization activity. The end process of synthesis is also different in both.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA polymerase quizlet?
DNA polymerase – An enzyme that assembles new DNA by copying an existing strand. RNA polymerase – an enzyme that synthesizes the formation of RNA from a DNA template during transcription. RNA is single stranded and uses Uracil as a base.
What is the function of DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase?
RNA polymerase vs DNA polymerase
| Comparison | RNA Polymerase |
|---|---|
| Function | Transcription of DNA |
| Purpose | To make RNA copies of genes |
| Time of occurrence | Used in transcription during G phase(s) |
| Primer | Not required for transcription |
What characteristic is shared by DNA and RNA polymerase?
DNA and RNA share many characteristics. They are both composed of nucleotide monomers and are read in the 5′-to-3′ direction. They also share the same complementary base pairs, except RNA uses uracil in place of thymine; both contain adenine.
What are the similarities and differences of DNA and RNA?
While both DNA and RNA have sugar molecules in their subunits, those sugars are slightly different. DNA uses deoxyribose, but RNA uses ribose, which has an extra hydroxyl group (OH−) tacked on. DNA and RNA also have nearly identical nitrogenous bases. Both have the bases adenine, cytosine, and guanine.
What are the differences and similarities between DNA replication and transcription?
Transcription and DNA replication both involve making copies of the DNA in a cell. Transcription copies the DNA into RNA, while replication makes another copy of DNA. Although DNA and RNA have some chemical similarities, each molecule performs different functions in living organisms.
What is difference between DNA and RNA?
There are two differences that distinguish DNA from RNA: (a) RNA contains the sugar ribose, while DNA contains the slightly different sugar deoxyribose (a type of ribose that lacks one oxygen atom), and (b) RNA has the nucleobase uracil while DNA contains thymine.
What is the function of DNA polymerase?
DNA polymerase is responsible for the process of DNA replication, during which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied into two identical DNA molecules. Scientists have taken advantage of the power of DNA polymerase molecules to copy DNA molecules in test tubes via polymerase chain reaction, also known as PCR.
What are two functions of RNA polymerase?
RNA polymerases transcribe the information in DNA into RNA molecules that have a variety of functions, including messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA (for protein synthesis), ribozymes (for catalysis), and microRNA (for regulation of gene expression).
What do DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase have in common?
Similarities Between DNA and RNA Polymerase Both DNA and RNA polymerase are two enzymes, which work upon DNA. Both DNA and RNA polymerase are capable of forming phosphodiester bonds between nucleotides. Both DNA and RNA polymerase add nucleotides in the 5′ to 3′ direction.
What do DNA and RNA polymerase have in common quizlet?
What do DNA and RNA have in common? -Both contain deoxyribose.
Why does RNA polymerase not need a primer?
RNA polymerase is missing this second attachment and therefore cannot proofread. (going back to the answer) RNA polymerase doesn’t need a primer because it’s one continuous unwinding and only need a promoter to signal transcription.
What is the difference between DNA polymerase 1 and 3?
The main difference between DNA polymerase 1 and 3 is that DNA polymerase 1 is involved in the removal of primers from the fragments and replacing the gap by relevant nucleotides whereas DNA polymerase 3 is mainly involved in the synthesis of the leading and lagging strands.
What is one job of RNA?
The primary function of ribonucleic acid ( RNA) is protein formation and synthesis. RNA also plays an essential role in gene expression and chemical catalysis of both peptide bond formation and other RNA molecules. In most cases, the main function of RNA is to carry a copy of an organism’s basic deoxyribonucleic acid…
What does RNA polymerase do during transcription?
RNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of RNA molecules from DNA in a process called transcription. It adds RNA nucleotides in the 5’ to 3’ direction to produce the single-stranded RNA molecule.