What is Protoporphyrin in hemoglobin?
What is Protoporphyrin in hemoglobin?
Protoporphyrin IX is an organic compound, classified as a porphyrin, that plays an important role in living organisms as a precursor to other critical compounds like heme (hemoglobin) and chlorophyll. It is a deeply colored solid that is not soluble in water. The name is often abbreviated as PPIX.
Is Protoporphyrin a protein?
Metal complexes derived from porphyrins occur naturally. One of the best-known families of porphyrin complexes is heme, the pigment in red blood cells, a cofactor of the protein hemoglobin….Biosynthesis.
| Enzyme | Ferrochelatase |
|---|---|
| Substrate | Protoporphyrin IX |
| Product | Heme |
| EC | 4.99.1.1 |
| Disorder | erythropoietic protoporphyria |
What is Protoporphyrin function?
Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) is a heterocyclic organic compound, which consists of four pyrrole rings, and is the final intermediate in the heme biosynthetic pathway. Its tetrapyrrole structure enables it to chelate transition metals to form metalloporphyrins, which perform a variety of biologic functions.
Is Protoporphyrin the same as porphyrin?
The key difference between porphyrin and protoporphyrin is that porphyrin is a group of aromatic chemicals which has four modified pyrrole subunits interconnected to each other, whereas protoporphyrin is a derivative of porphyrin which has propionic acid groups.
What is the difference between heme and protoporphyrin?
is that porphyrin is (organic chemistry) any of a class of heterocyclic compounds containing four pyrrole rings arranged in a square; they are important in biochemistry in a form with a metal atom in the central cavity (hemoglobin with iron, chlorophyll with magnesium, etc) while heme is the component of hemoglobin ( …
What is the role of distal histidine in hemoglobin?
Distal Histidine Stabilizes Bound O2 and Acts as a Gate for Ligand Entry in Both Subunits of Adult Human Hemoglobin.
What is the composition of Protoporphyrin?
A cyclic tetrapyrrole that consists of porphyrin bearing four methyl substituents at positions 3, 8, 13 and 17, two vinyl substituents at positions 7 and 12 and two 2-carboxyethyl substituents at positions 2 and 18.
What is Protoporphyrin in hematology?
Protoporphyrin is formed within red blood cells in the bone marrow and then enters the blood plasma, which carries it to the skin, where it can be photoactivated by sunlight and cause damage (https://rarediseases.org).
What is the role of Protoporphyrin in myoglobin?
Spectrophotometric studies reveal that protoporphyrin IX interacts with haemoglobin and myoglobin forming ground state complexes. Upon binding with the proteins, protoporphyrin IX releases the heme-bound oxygen from the oxyproteins, which is dependent on the stoichiometric ratios of the porphyrin : protein.
Is heme a porphyrin?
Heme is a porphyrin ring complexed with ferrous iron and protoporphyrin IX. Heme is an essential prosthetic group in proteins that is necessary as a subcellular compartment to perform diverse biological functions like hemoglobin and myoglobin.
What is the chemical formula for protoporphyrin IX?
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary (LCSS) Datasheet. Molecular Formula. C34H34N4O4. Synonyms. protoporphyrin IX. protoporphyrin. 553-12-8. Ooporphyrin. Protoporpyrin IX.
How is metal cation inserted into protoporphyrin IX?
In the biosynthesis of those molecules, the metal cation is inserted into protoporphyrin IX by enzymes called chelatases. For example, ferrochelatase converts the compound into heme b (i.e. Fe-protoporphyrin IX or protoheme IX).
Why is protoporphyrin IX an important prosthetic group?
Protoporphyrin IX is an important precursor to biologically essential prosthetic groups such as heme, cytochrome c, and chlorophylls. As a result, a number of organisms are able to synthesize these tetrapyrrole from basic precursors such as glycine and succinyl CoA, or glutamate.
What kind of derivative of porphine is protoporphyrin?
The general term protoporphyrin refers to porphine derivatives that have the outer hydrogen atoms in the four pyrrole rings replaced by other functional groups.